CEV434 Environmental Laboratory UITM Assignment Sample Malaysia

CEV434 Environmental Laboratory is a course offered by the Faculty of Civil Engineering at the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UITM). Environmental Laboratory is an important course that equips students with the necessary knowledge and skills to analyze and evaluate environmental samples using modern laboratory techniques. This course provides a solid foundation for understanding the principles and applications of environmental analysis, which is critical for addressing environmental issues and challenges faced by society today.

Throughout this course, students will learn various laboratory techniques, such as sample preparation, analysis of water quality, air quality, soil and waste management, and other related topics. They will also gain experience in interpreting laboratory results, data analysis, and report writing. This knowledge and skillset are essential for careers in environmental science, environmental engineering, and related fields.

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Below, we will discuss some assignment activities. These are:

Assignment Activity 1: Distinguish the principle of analytical methods in analyzing environmental samples.

The principle of analytical methods in analyzing environmental samples is to accurately and precisely measure the concentration of contaminants or other constituents in a sample. This is achieved by following a systematic and validated analytical method that is appropriate for the type of sample and the analyte of interest. The general steps involved in analytical methods for environmental sample analysis include:

1. Sample collection and preparation: This involves collecting representative samples from the environment, preserving them to prevent any changes or degradation, and preparing them for analysis, which may involve extraction, digestion, or other treatments.
2. Separation and purification: This involves separating the analytes from the matrix of the sample and purifying them to eliminate any interfering substances that may affect the accuracy of the analysis.
3. Detection and quantification: This involves measuring the amount of the analyte of interest using a suitable detection technique such as spectrophotometry, chromatography, or mass spectrometry. Calibration standards and quality control samples are used to ensure accuracy and precision.
4. Data analysis and reporting: This involves analyzing the data obtained from the analysis and reporting the results in a clear and concise manner, along with any necessary information about the sampling and analysis procedures used.

Assignment Activity 2: Construct experiments on complex environmental analysis based on standard laboratory practices.

Here are some potential experiments that could be conducted for complex environmental analysis based on standard laboratory practices:

1. Soil analysis: Soil is a complex environmental matrix that can be analyzed to assess its fertility, nutrient content, pH, and presence of contaminants. To conduct a soil analysis, a standard laboratory practice would be to collect soil samples from different locations, dry and grind them to a fine powder, and then test them using a range of analytical techniques such as ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These techniques can be used to quantify the concentrations of various nutrients, metals, and organic compounds in the soil.
2. Water analysis: Water is another important environmental matrix that can be analyzed to assess its quality and presence of contaminants. A standard laboratory practice for water analysis would be to collect water samples from different sources such as lakes, rivers, and groundwater wells, and then test them using a range of analytical techniques such as titration, spectrophotometry, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. These techniques can be used to measure the concentrations of various parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, total organic carbon, nutrients, and heavy metals.
3. Air analysis: Air quality is an important aspect of environmental analysis, particularly in urban areas where air pollution can have significant health impacts. A standard laboratory practice for air analysis would be to collect air samples using specialized equipment such as high-volume samplers or impingers, and then analyze them using techniques such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy. These techniques can be used to measure the concentrations of various pollutants such as particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen oxides.
4. Biological analysis: Biological samples such as plants, animals, and microorganisms can also be analyzed to assess their health and presence of contaminants. A standard laboratory practice for biological analysis would be to collect samples from different locations, extract DNA or RNA, and then analyze them using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, and high-throughput sequencing. These techniques can be used to identify the presence of specific genes or markers associated with contaminants, as well as to characterize the microbial diversity of the sample.
5. Sediment analysis: Sediment is another complex environmental matrix that can be analyzed to assess the presence of contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A standard laboratory practice for sediment analysis would be to collect sediment samples from different locations, dry and grind them to a fine powder, and then extract the contaminants using solvent extraction techniques such as soxhlet extraction or ultrasonic extraction. The extracted contaminants can then be analyzed using techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Assignment Activity 3: Present the experimental findings in laboratory report using a word processor with proper organization and articulation of data.

Introduction:

The purpose of this laboratory experiment was to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of a certain chemical on the growth rate of a type of bacteria. The hypothesis was that higher concentrations of the chemical would inhibit bacterial growth.

Methods:

A culture of the bacteria was prepared in a nutrient-rich medium, and samples were taken and transferred to separate Petri dishes. The dishes were divided into five groups, each with a different concentration of the chemical. The groups were: control (0% chemical), 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 5%. The dishes were then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, after which the bacterial growth was observed and measured using a colony counter.

Results:

The results of the experiment showed that the control group had an average colony count of 1000, while the 0.5% and 1% groups had colony counts of 800 and 600, respectively. The 2% group had an average colony count of 300, and the 5% group had no bacterial growth at all. A graph was created to better visualize the data (see Figure 1).

Discussion:

The data supports the hypothesis that higher concentrations of the chemical inhibit bacterial growth. The control group had the highest colony count, while the 5% group had no growth at all. The 2% group had significantly less growth than the lower concentration groups. These results suggest that the chemical has a dose-dependent effect on bacterial growth, where higher concentrations are more inhibitory.

Conclusion:

The experiment successfully investigated the effects of varying concentrations of a chemical on bacterial growth. The results support the hypothesis that higher concentrations of the chemical inhibit growth, and suggest that the effect is dose-dependent. These findings may have important implications for the use of this chemical in certain applications, such as in disinfectants or antiseptics. Further research could investigate the mechanisms behind the inhibitory effect and potential applications in medical or industrial settings.

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